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Lipid contents, fatty acid compositions and free sugar contents of dried ginsengs grown for different years were studied. The lipid and free sugar were separated and quantitied by silicic acid column chromatography, thin layer chromatography, gas liquid chromatography and high performance liquid chromatography. Ginseng contained 1.07∼1.67% crude lipid and the hightest lipid content was shown in 3 year old root. The lipid fractions obtained by silicic acid column chromatography were mainly composed of neutral lipid(51.35∼72.30%). The contents of phospholipid and glycolipid in total lipids were 15.03∼34.59% and 11.83∼20.72%, respectively. As the ginseng grew, neutral lipid content increased gradually but glycolipid decreased to the half of the one year old root. Seven components of neutral lipid separted by thin layer chromatography were identified but the other two components were not able to be identified. Triglyceride content was 14.42∼23.91%, sterol ester and unidentified material(II) were 13.58∼21.26% and 7.13∼15.83% respectively. The major fatty acids were linoleic acid, palmitic acid, oleic acid and linolenic acid. Linoleic acid content of total and neutrol lipid was 61∼65% palmitic acid content in phospholipid was 26∼39% and one year old root showed the hightest contents. The fatty acid composition of neutral lipid was similar to the pattern of total lipid. Linolenic acid content of glycolipid decreased gradually. Free sugars were composed of rhamnose, fructose, glucose, sucrose, maltose and an unidentified material. The content of sucrose was 92∼94% of total free sugars. Two year old root showed the highest sugar content and it decrased since then.
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